Racial Resentment

Current Research

This project is part of the DACSS 695P/PS 608 course “Public Opinion in Politics” taught by Professor Scott Blinder.

The initial work is an explainer, which can be found here: https://prezi.com/view/sR0G8j9TjYxHTqVEi4Yw/

Bibliography and Relevant Resources

Citations:

• Abramowitz, A., & McCoy, J. (2019). United States: Racial Resentment, Negative Partisanship, and Polarization in Trump’s America. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 681(1), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218811309

• Blumer, H. (1958). Race Prejudice as a Sense of Group Position. Pacific Sociological Review, 1(1), 3–7. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388607

• Bobo, L. (1983). Whites’ opposition to busing: Symbolic racism or realistic group conflict? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1196–1210. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.45.6.1196

• Bobo, L. (1995). Behind the Mule: Race and Class in African-American Politics. Michael C. Dawson. American Journal of Sociology, 101(3), 754–756. https://doi.org/10.1086/230760

• Carney, R. K., & Enos, R. D. (n.d.). Conservatism and Fairness in Contemporary Politics: Unpacking the Psychological Underpinnings of Modern Racism. 42.

• Converse, P. E. (2006). The nature of belief systems in mass publics (1964). Critical Review, 18(1–3), 1–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/08913810608443650

• Cramer, K. (2020). Understanding the Role of Racism in Contemporary US Public Opinion. Annual Review of Political Science, 23(1), 153–169. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-060418-042842

• Deborah A. Prentice and Dale T. Miller, editors. (1999). Cultural divides: Understanding and overcoming group conflict. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, [1999] ©1999. https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/9913023729402121

• DeSante, C. D., & Watts Smith, C. (2020). Less Is More: A Cross-Generational Analysis of the Nature and Role of Racial Attitudes in the Twenty-First Century. The Journal of Politics, 82(3), 967–980. https://doi.org/10.1086/707490

• Enders, A., & Scott, J. (2018, January 15). White racial resentment has been gaining political power for decades. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/01/15/white-racial-resentment-has-been-gaining-political-power-for-decades/

• Enders, A. M., & Thornton, J. R. (2022). Racial Resentment, Electoral Loss, and Satisfaction with Democracy Among Whites in the United States: 2004–2016. Political Behavior, 44(1), 389–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-021-09708-8

• Erikson, R. S., & Tedin, K. L. (2019). American Public Opinion: Its Origins, Content, and Impact (10th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351034746

• Feldman, S., & Huddy, L. (2005). Racial Resentment and White Opposition to Race-Conscious Programs: Principles or Prejudice? American Journal of Political Science, 49(1), 168–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0092-5853.2005.00117.x

• Griffin, R., Quasem, M., Sides, J., & Tesler, M. (n.d.). Partisan Shifts on Racial Attitudes Over the Last Decade. 34.

• Hall, J. D. (2005a). The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past. The Journal of American History, 91(4), 1233–1263. JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/3660172

• Hall, J. D. (2005b). The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past. The Journal of American History, 91(4), 1233–1263. JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/3660172

• Hall, J. D. (2005c). The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past. The Journal of American History, 91(4), 1233–1263. https://doi.org/10.2307/3660172

• Henry, P. j., & Sears, D. O. (2002). The Symbolic Racism 2000 Scale. Political Psychology, 23(2), 253–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00281

• Hopkins, D. J., & Washington, S. (2020). The Rise of Trump, The Fall of Prejudice? Tracking White Americans’ Racial Attitudes Via A Panel Survey, 2008–2018. Public Opinion Quarterly, 84(1), 119–140. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfaa004

• Jardina, A., & Ollerenshaw, T. (2022). The Polls—Trends: The Polarization of White Racial Attitudes and Support for Racial Equality in the US. Public Opinion Quarterly, 86(S1), 576–587. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfac021

• Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 339–375. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.339

• Kam, C. D., & Burge, C. D. (2019). TRENDS: Racial Resentment and Public Opinion across the Racial Divide. Political Research Quarterly, 72(4), 767–784.

• Kesler, C., & Churchwell, A. (2020). The Obama Effect on Perceived Mobility. Societies, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/soc10020046

• Knuckey, J. (2011). Racial Resentment and Vote Choice in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election. Politics & Policy, 39(4), 559–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00304.x

• Lempinen|, E. (2022, February 3). Racial resentment: The insidious force that divides America. Berkeley News. https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/02/03/racial-resentment-the-insidious-force-that-divides-america/

• McConahay, J. B., & Hough Jr., J. C. (1976). Symbolic Racism. Journal of Social Issues, 32(2), 23–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02493.x

• Mutz, D. C. (2018). Status threat, not economic hardship, explains the 2016 presidential vote. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(19), E4330–E4339. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718155115

• Newman, B., Merolla, J. L., Shah, S., Lemi, D. C., Collingwood, L., & Ramakrishnan, S. K. (2021). The Trump Effect: An Experimental Investigation of the Emboldening Effect of Racially Inflammatory Elite Communication. British Journal of Political Science, 51(3), 1138–1159. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123419000590

• Norton, M. I., & Sommers, S. R. (2011). Whites See Racism as a Zero-Sum Game That They Are Now Losing. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(3), 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691611406922

• Nteta, T. M., & Greenlee, J. S. (2013). A Change is Gonna Come: Generational Membership and White Racial Attitudes in the 21 st Century. Political Psychology, 34(6), 877–897. JSTOR.

• Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., & Levin, S. (2006). Social Dominance Theory and the Dynamics of Intergroup Relations: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. European Review of Social Psychology - EUR REV SOC PSYCHOL, 17, 271–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/10463280601055772

• Riley, E. Y., & Peterson, C. (2020). I Can’t BreatheAssessing the Role of Racial Resentment and Racial Prejudice in Whites’ Feelings toward Black Lives Matter. National Review of Black Politics, 1(4), 496–515. https://doi.org/10.1525/nrbp.2020.1.4.496

• Schaffner, B. F., Macwilliams, M., & Nteta, T. (2018). Understanding White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism. Political Science Quarterly, 133(1), 9–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/polq.12737

• Sears, D. O., Laar, C. V., Carrillo, M., & Kosterman, R. (2004). Is It Really Racism? The Origins of White Americans’ Opposition to Race-Targeted Policies. In Political Psychology. Psychology Press.

• Simmons, A. D., & Bobo, L. D. (2018). UNDERSTANDING “NO SPECIAL FAVORS”: A Quantitative and Qualitative Mapping of the Meaning of Responses to the Racial Resentment Scale. Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, 15(2), 323–352. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742058X18000310

• Smith, C. W., Kreitzer, R. J., & Suo, F. (2020). The Dynamics of Racial Resentment across the 50 US States. Perspectives on Politics, 18(2), 527–538. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719002688

• Sniderman, P. M., & Tetlock, P. E. (1986). Symbolic Racism: Problems of Motive Attribution in Political Analysis. Journal of Social Issues, 42(2), 129–150. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1986.tb00229.x

• Stephens-Dougan, L. (2020). Race to the Bottom: How Racial Appeals Work in American Politics. University of Chicago Press. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/R/bo50271574.html

• Tarman, C., & Sears, D. O. (2005). The Conceptualization and Measurement of Symbolic Racism. The Journal of Politics, 67(3), 731–761. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00337.x

• Tesler, M. (2012). The Spillover of Racialization into Health Care: How President Obama Polarized Public Opinion by Racial Attitudes and Race. American Journal of Political Science, 56(3), 690–704. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00577.x

• Tesler, M. (2016). Post-Racial or Most-Racial?: Race and Politics in the Obama Era. University of Chicago Press. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/P/bo22961444.html

• Tesler, M. (2017, October 13). To many Americans, being patriotic means being white. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/10/13/is-white-resentment-about-the-nfl-protests-about-race-or-patriotism-or-both/

• Tesler, M., & Sears, D. O. (2010). Obama’s Race: The 2008 Election and the Dream of a Post-Racial America. University of Chicago Press. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/O/bo10443910.html

• The Role of Racial Resentment in Our Politics (n.d.). Brennan Center for Justice. Retrieved October 31, 2022, from https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/role-racial-resentment-our-politics

• Thomas, D., & Horowitz, J. M. (n.d.). Support for Black Lives Matter has decreased since June but remains strong among Black Americans. Pew Research Center. Retrieved October 31, 2022, from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/09/16/support-for-black-lives-matter-has-decreased-since-june-but-remains-strong-among-black-americans/

• Towler, C., & Parker, C. (2018). Between Anger and Engagement: Donald Trump and Black America. The Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics, 3, 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1017/rep.2017.38

• Virtanen, S. V., & Huddy, L. (1998). Old-Fashioned Racism and New Forms of Racial Prejudice. The Journal of Politics, 60(2), 311–332. https://doi.org/10.2307/2647911

• Wetts, R., & Willer, R. (2019). Who Is Called by the Dog Whistle? Experimental Evidence That Racial Resentment and Political Ideology Condition Responses to Racially Encoded Messages. Socius, 5, 2378023119866268. https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023119866268

• Zaller, J., & Feldman, S. (1992). A Simple Theory of the Survey Response: Answering Questions versus Revealing Preferences. American Journal of Political Science, 36(3), 579–616. JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/2111583

This project may continue in the future.